雙語暢銷書《我是馬拉拉》第7章:穆夫提(10)

In some ways General Musharraf was very different from General Zia. Though he usually dressed in uniform, he occasionally wore Western suits and he called himself chief executive instead of chief martial law administrator. He also kept dogs, which we Muslims regard as unclean. Instead of Zia’s Islamisation he began what he called ‘enlightened moderation’. He opened up our media, allowing new private TV channels and female newsreaders, as well as showing dancing on television. The celebration of Western holidays such as Valentine’s Day and New Year’s Eve was allowed. He even sanctioned an annual pop concert on the eve of Independence Day, which was broadcast to the nation. He did something which our democratic rulers hadn’t, even Benazir, and abolished the law that for a woman to prove she was raped, she had to produce four male witnesses. He appointed the first woman governor of the state bank and the first women airline pilots and coastguards. He even announced we would have female guards at Jinnah’s tomb in Karachi.

在某些方面，穆沙拉夫將軍和齊亞·哈克將軍很不同。雖然他通常着軍裝，但偶爾也會穿西裝；他自稱總理，而不是軍事領導人。他還養狗，一般穆斯林認爲狗是不潔的動物。齊亞·哈克將軍推廣的是伊斯蘭化；而他推廣的，則是開明現代化。他解放媒體，開放新的私人電視臺，允許女性新聞主播出現，還同意電視臺可以播出跳舞的節目。我們可以慶祝一些西方的節日，比如情人節和新年除夕夜。他甚至批准獨立紀念日前夕，可以舉辦年度流行音樂演唱會，還可以全國轉播。他做的一些事，是我們的民主統治者沒有做過的，甚至連貝·布托也沒有。他還廢除了受害婦女必須找出四名男性證人以證明自己被強暴的法律。他委任了首位接管國家銀行的女性官員，第一位女性飛行員，以及第一位女性海岸警衛隊隊員。他甚至宣佈以後在卡拉奇的真納陵墓會出現女衛兵。

However in our Pashtun homeland of the North-West Frontier Province things were very different. In 2002 Musharraf held elections for ‘controlled democracy’. They were strange elections as the main party leaders Nawaz Sharif and Benazir Bhutto were in exile. In our province these elections brought what we called a ‘mullah government’ to power. The Muttahida Majlis e-Amal (MMA) alliance was a group of five religious parties including the Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (JUI), which ran the madrasas where the Taliban were trained. People jokingly referred to the MMA as the Mullah Military Alliance and said they got elected because they had Musharraf ’s support. But some people supported them because the very religious Pashtuns were angry at the American invasion of Afghanistan and the removal of the Taliban from power there.

而在我們普什圖坐落的西北邊疆，情況卻大不相同。2002年時，穆沙拉夫舉辦了“被控制了的民主”選舉。這幾場選舉很奇怪，因爲主要政黨的領導人納瓦茲·謝里夫和貝·布托都被流放了。這些選舉使“宗教政府”得以在我們的省份掌權。原教旨政黨聯盟（MMA）是一個由五個宗教黨派組成的政黨，其中包括創建宗教學校，協助訓練塔利班的伊斯蘭神學者協會（JUI）。大家開玩笑說MMA是毛拉軍事聯盟，說他們被選上是因爲穆沙拉夫支持他們。但有些人的確很支持他們，因爲虔誠的普什圖人對於美國人入侵阿富汗，還推翻了塔利班政權感到非常氣憤。

Our area had always been more conservative than most of the rest of Pakistan. During the Afghan jihad many madrasas had been built, most of them funded by Saudi money, and many young men had passed through them as it was free education. That was the start of what my father calls the ‘Arabisation’ of Pakistan. Then 9/11 had made this militancy more mainstream. Sometimes when I walked along the main road I saw chalked messages on the sides of buildings. CONTACT US FOR JIHAD TRAINING, they would say, listing a phone number to call. In those days jihadi groups were free to do whatever they wanted. You could see them openly collecting contributions and recruiting men. There was even a headmaster from Shangla who would boast that his greatest success was to send ten boys in Grade 9 for jihad training in Kashmir.

我們這個地區一直以來都比巴基斯坦其他地方保守。在阿富汗聖戰時期，這裏成立了許多宗教學校，大多數都是靠沙特阿拉伯的資金援助，許多年輕人爲了接受免費教育而入學。這就是我父親所說的“阿拉伯化”的開始。9·11事件讓阿拉伯化越來越主流。有時，走在路上，我會看到建築物牆壁上用粉筆寫着的“想接受聖戰士訓練，請與我們聯絡”的標語，下面還寫着電話號碼。那時候，聖戰組織可以爲所欲爲，公然收取獻金和招募新血。甚至還有一個來自香拉縣的主事，吹牛說自己最大的功勞就是把十個九年級的男孩送去克什米爾接受聖戰士訓練。