電影教你如何養孩子
1. 電影《歡樂滿人間》（Mary Poppins）
It is 50 years since Mary Poppins appeared on cinema screens. The film presented a very particular view of middle-class family life, but have movies influenced how people think about parenting?
Mary Poppins taught parents many things. Bedrooms are better tidied, every chore has its fun side and an organised day is a happy day. Poppins's strict-but-saccharine manner brought the unruly Jane and Michael Banks under control - she succeeded where their parents and numerous lesser nannies could not.
Though decades old, Poppins's techniques are still lauded by parents.
Childcare blogger Kenney Myers describes her as "the gold standard", while parenting expert Michael Grose says there are some key parenting lessons to learn from Poppins.
The relationship between parents and children, or nannies and children, is one often explored in films. It can result in a strange osmosis for viewers.
"The things we can learn from Mary Poppins is how important boundaries are, and the role that they play in raising children," says Bernie Wooder, a psychoanalyst who uses "film therapy" as part of his treatment technique.
"When she comes along she brings organisation and it appears to look like magic because everything starts to go right. It's an effective lesson."
電影《歡樂滿人間》（Mary Poppins）已問世50年。這部電影以一個獨特視角向人們展示了中等家庭的生活，但電影真的對養育孩子有影響嗎？
《歡樂滿人間》告訴父母很多道理。房間最好收拾整潔，家務活也可以很快樂，有計劃能過好每一天。
任性的簡和邁克爾•班克斯在軟硬兼施的氛圍中成長並最終獲得成功，而那些在父母或保姆庇佑下的人則不會。
儘管已過去數十年，瑪麗阿姨（Poppins）的管理方法也爲父母所稱讚。
育兒博主肯尼•邁爾斯（Kenney Myers）將她描述爲“金本位”，而且育兒專家邁克爾•格羅斯稱可以從瑪麗阿姨身上學到很多育兒經驗。
電影的主題經常圍繞父母與孩子、保姆與孩子的關係。對觀衆來說這會有潛移默化的作用。
精神分析學家伯尼•伍德（Bernie Wooder）把“電影療法”作爲其治療技術的一部分，他提到：“我們可以從瑪麗•波平斯（Mary Poppins）身上學到父母與孩子間界限的重要性，而且它們在撫養孩子過程中所扮演着重要角色。”
“當她出現時，一切都變得秩序井然，魔法一般所有事情都很順利。這是一堂有效課程。”2. 電影《窈窕奶爸》（Mrs Doubtfire）
Wooder adds that he prescribed the viewing of the Robin Williams film Mrs Doubtfire for one father.
The film sees Williams play Daniel Hillard, a dad who loses custody of his children following a divorce. In his desperation to see them, he ends up dressing up as a woman, complete with a false nose and twin sets, and putting on a Scottish accent to win the job as their nanny.
"That film really helped one of my clients because it expressed the level of frustration that he was feeling - that he was prepared to do anything at all to spend time with his kids," adds Wooder. Using a disguise to bypass custody arrangements is obviously inadvisable in the real world but the film offers a lesson about closeness.
"Films are a remarkable tool for helping people learn, it's about recognising a feeling or an atmosphere and taking some time to just sit, watch and consider it."
Williams's soft-spoken nanny is one of a number of film characters that explore the relationship between fathers and their children.
伍德還說他向每一位父親推薦觀看羅賓•威廉姆斯（Robin Williams）出演的《窈窕奶爸》（Mrs Doubtfire）這部電影。
在這部影片中，威廉姆斯飾演丹尼爾•希拉德，這是一位離婚後失去孩子監護權的父親。他不顧一切的希望見到他們，最終他帶着一副假鼻子，身着女士上衣，操着一口蘇格蘭口音，裝扮成女人而成爲他們的保姆。
伍德還說道：“這部電影的確曾幫助過我的一位顧客，因爲其中道出他正面臨的挫折，而且爲了能與孩子在一起他願意付出任何代價。”
“電影是幫助人們學習的絕佳工具，這是在識別一種感覺或氛圍，花一些時間靜靜坐下來欣賞一部電影並有所思考。”
威廉姆斯飾演的那位輕聲細語的保姆是衆多展現父親與孩子關係的角色之一。3. 電影《海底總動員》（Finding Nemo）
For parenting expert Sarah Ockwell-Smith, it is Disney's Finding Nemo that presents the best lessons. "It's a great example of a single parent family, or more specifically a single father raising his son alone from birth - something you see rarely in films," she says.
"At the beginning Nemo's father is what we call a 'helicopter parent' - always fussing over the child and never letting him have any freedom. I think the film shows this style of parenting is not great and still not a guarantee of accidents not happening.
"The film [goes on to] show how confident Nemo is, which is a reflection of great parenting."
對育兒專家薩拉•O•史密斯（Sarah Ockwell-Smith）而言，迪斯尼公司出品的《海底總動員》很值得學習。她說：“這是單親家庭的最好案例，更明確地說，講述的是父親一人獨自撫養兒子成長的故事，這很少能在電影中見到。”
“故事一開始，尼莫（Nemo）的父親，即所謂的‘直升機父母’，過分關注孩子生活、不給予他有任何自由。我認爲這部電影在向我們道明這種類型的父母並不好，也並非能未雨綢繆。”
“這部電影展示出尼莫的信心，這反映出家長好的教育方式。”4. 有關保姆的電影
Mrs Doubtfire, The Sound of Music and Mary Poppins aren't the only films to draw on the transformative role a nanny can play in children's lives:
Mr Nanny (1993)- Hulk Hogan acts as bodyguard-cum-nanny to two mischievous brats who have no discipline due to their often distracted and absent widower father. Includes villains seeking a microchip.
The Pacifier (2005) - Continuing the theme of hard man-cum-nanny, Vin Diesel (pictured) looks after five antagonistic kids whose father has died. Gruff exteriors transformed on both sides. Includes villains seeking microchip-like technology.
Nanny McPhee (2005) - Emma Thompson's Nanny McPhee swoops in to help a widower handle his seven unruly children. With magic and discipline she transforms their lives, changing herself in the process.
Jack and Sarah (1995) - Richard E Grant's Jack is a widower, after his partner dies in childbirth. Grief-stricken, he goes off the rails, until he eventually faces his parental duties with help from nanny Amy.
The Nanny Diaries (2007) - Shock. No widow or widower. Scarlett Johansson is a nanny for a rich family in which the son is neglected. Despite getting fired, she transforms the lives of the child and wife.
並非僅有《窈窕奶爸》《音樂之聲》《歡樂滿人間》講述保姆在孩子生活中所扮演的重要角色：
《保姆先生》（Mr Nanny）（1993年）：霍克•霍肯（Hulk Hogan）在劇中扮演兩位淘氣頑童的保鏢兼保姆，他們的單親父親經常心煩意亂並且常常不在孩子身邊，所以孩子變得很沒規矩。其中包括飾演壞人盜取電腦微芯片。
《神勇奶爸》（The Pacifier）（2005年）：這部電影的主題還是有關既當爸又當保姆的男人，範•迪塞爾（Vin Diesel）負責照顧五個父親去世的調皮孩子，慢慢地，雙方的隔閡便消除了。其中的劇情包括飾演壞人尋找微芯片技術。
《魔法保姆麥克菲》Nanny McPhee (2005) ：埃瑪•湯普森（Emma Thompson）出演《魔法保姆麥克菲》，在其中幫助一位鰥夫照料7位不守規矩的孩子。她用魔法和懲罰改變他們的生活，同時在這個過程中也改變了自己。
《親親俏奶媽》（Jack and Sarah）(1995)：理查德•格蘭特（Richard E Grant）飾演傑克，其妻子在分娩時去世，極度悲傷的他曾出軌，最終在保姆艾米的幫助下認識到做父親的責任。
《保姆日記》（The Nanny Diaries）(2007)：剛看到時很震驚，沒有寡婦也沒有鰥夫。斯嘉麗•約翰遜在其中扮演一名富裕家庭的保姆，這個家中的兒子一直被忽視。儘管最後被辭退，但她改變了孩子和妻子的生活。5. 關於大家庭的電影
Very large families are a popular feature in films. Often chaotic, they are a vehicle for showing stressed, less-than-perfect parents. In Home Alone, Macaulay Culkin's character Kevin was famously forgotten by his family - left behind when they went on their Christmas holiday.
Cheaper By The Dozen sees parents battle with constant untidiness caused by their many children. "Lots of movies show the extreme, it's either the perfect family or the completely dysfunctional ones," says Helen O'Hara, deputy online editor of Empire magazine.
"In Cheaper By The Dozen they actually have a pretty perfect life, they have to deal with some messiness but their family is solid, the marriage is solid and they live in a gorgeous house.
"The film Parenthood in the '90s showed something a bit more. There were more varieties of parenting on display in that film, and they are dealing with interesting issues."
Parenthood followed the varying dilemmas faced by an extended family. There is the single mother dealing with her difficult teenage children, a father desperately trying to push his daughter into being a child genius, and the exuberant dad, played by Steve Martin, who lives chaotically with his growing family, making balloon animals and always taking things too far.
O'Hara adds: "There's a moment where Steve Martin's character is dealing with his son who is in a fast food restaurant and he took his retainer brace out to eat his burger and ended up losing it. He ends up having to search through the bins.
"It's ridiculous really, but there's a certain sangfroid in knowing the you aren't going to be any of those parents in the film - you're not going to make those mistakes."
在電影中大家庭是很受歡迎的元素，他們經常吵鬧，是展現不夠完美父母的載體。在電影《小鬼當家》（Home Alone）中，麥考利•庫爾金（Macaulay Culkin）所飾演的凱文經常被父母遺忘，當他們外出過聖誕節時把凱文自己留在了家裏。
《兒女一籮筐》（Cheaper By The Dozen）的主要劇情是父母一直在與衆多孩子造成的不整潔作鬥爭。《帝國雜誌》網站副主編海倫•奧哈拉（Helen O'Hara）稱：“很多電影都在講述一些極端情況，要麼是完美的家庭，要麼是完全不正常的家庭。”
“在《兒女一籮筐》中，事實上一家人有完美的生活，他們必須要處理一些混亂，但他們的家庭和婚姻是很穩固的，而且他們住在一個富麗堂皇的大房子裏。”
“20世紀90年代的電影《爲人父母》（Parenthood）向我們展示更多道理，在這部電影中，展出更多不同的育兒方法，而且處理的也是一些有趣問題。”
《爲人父母》講述了很多大家庭需面臨的不同困境。其中，單親母親需要照顧正處於青春期的孩子；父親逼迫女兒成爲天才兒童；史蒂夫•馬丁（Steve Martin）飾演一位過於溺愛孩子的父親，會用氣球做動物、而且經常把事情考慮的很遠。
奧哈拉還稱：“電影中有個情節講述的是史蒂夫•馬丁飾演的角色與其兒子在快餐店裏發生的事，兒子把牙套拿下來吃漢堡，卻把它弄丟了，最後他們不得不翻箱倒櫃地尋找。”
“這真的很可笑，但只有當人們確保自己不會成爲電影中那般父母時，纔會如此冷靜，希望大家不會犯同樣的錯誤。”
