初中英語語法知識之一般現在時
有很多同學分不清時態,時態是一篇文章的主線,如果時態都分不清那我們就分不清事情發生的先後,會對我們做題設障礙,所以今天小編爲大家整理了一些時態上的知識,希望能幫到大家。
初中英語語法知識之一般現在時
一般現在時表示現在經常反覆發生的動作、存在的狀態或習慣性的動作的時態。
一、一般現在時用法如下:
1.表示現在的狀態: e.g. He’s twelve. She’s at work.
2.表經常或習慣性的動作,常與表示頻度的時間狀語連用。: eg. I get up at 6:30 every day.
He reads English every morning.
3.表主語具備的性格、 能力和特徵。 e.g. I don't like this book.
4.表示客觀事實和普遍真理。The earth moves around the sun.
5. 在時間狀語從句和條件狀語從句中,常用一般現在時代替將來時。
eg. I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there.
二、一般現在時構成:
一般現在時用行爲動詞的原形,但第三人稱單數作主語時,動詞要用第三人稱單數形式。第三人稱單數形式的變化規則是:1.一般的動詞詞尾+S。2.以sh/ch/s/x結尾的詞+es.3.以輔音字母+Y結尾的把Y變成i,+es。4.輔音字母+o結尾的+es.
基本結構:
動詞
肯定句: 主語+be(am,is,are)+其它。如: I am a boy.我是一個男孩。
否定句:主語+ be + not +其它。如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。
一般疑問句:Be +主語+其它。 如:-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.
特殊疑問句:疑問詞+一般疑問句。如:Where is my bike?
2.行爲動詞
1) 當主語爲第一,二人稱及複數時,助動詞爲do
肯定句:主語+動詞原形(+其它)。如: We often play basketball after school.
否定句:主語+ don't+動詞原形(+其它)。如:we don’t play basketball after school.
一般疑問句:Do +主語+動詞原形+其它?
如: Do you often play basketball after school l? Yes, we do. / No, we don't.
特殊疑問句:疑問詞+以do開頭的一般疑問句?
如: What do you often do after school ?
2) 當主語爲第三人稱單數時 , 助動詞爲does
肯定句:主語+動詞三單式(+其它)。如: He swims well.
否定句:主語+ doesn’t+動詞原形(+其它)。如:
He doesn’t swim well..
一般:Does +主語+動詞原形+其它。
如:Does he swim well ? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't.
特殊疑問句:疑問詞+以does開頭的一般疑問句?
如: How does your father go to work?
常見考法:
對於一般現在時的考查,多以單選或詞語運用的形式考查學生在具體語境中靈活運用時態的能力。在考試中,會讓選擇be動詞,或判斷用一個動詞的原型還是單三形式,或進行肯定句、否定句、疑問句之間的轉換,或判斷用正確時態。這在 初一階段是一個重點。
典型例題:
She will find him a kind man when she more about him.
A. knows B. know C. will know D. is going to know
解析:在時間、條件狀語從句中,用一般現在時表將來時。She是一個單三人稱,故用knows
答案:A。
誤區提醒:
當用動詞第三人稱單數單數時,一定要正確運用。
典型例題:
Lucy _____(enjoy) music and she often sings songs.
解析:從often可判斷出本題表達的是經常性的事情,應該用一般現在時,主語Lucy是一 個人,爲第三人稱單數,所以enjoy 應變爲單三形式,很多學生會把enjoy 變成enjoies ,但實際上enjoy 不符合“輔音字母+Y結尾”的條件,所以它應變爲enjoys.
練習一下吧
鞏固練習題:按照要求改寫句子
1.This is my pencil ? (變一般疑問句) your pencil ? Is
2. These red socks are Kate’s . (變一般疑問句)
socks Kate’s ? Are these
3. I want to buy a big green bag . (變特殊疑問句)
you want to buy ? What do
4. Mary does not have any books . (變肯定句)Mary books .
5. The clothing shop is on sale . (變爲否定句) is_isn't
6. She likes the black bag very much . (變爲否定句) doesn't like
7. I buy the pants for only 50 Yuan. (用she改寫句子)
the pants for only 50 Yuan. She buys
8. It’s an English dictionary . (改爲否定句)It isn't
9. Lily and Lucy are fifteen years old now . (對畫線部分提問)
Lily and Lucy ? How old are
10. Her dog is 2 years and 5 months old . (變爲否定句)
Her dog 2 years and 5 months old . isn't
11. I usually get up at seven o’clock . (用he改寫句子)
at seven o’clock . He usually gets up
12. He often has hamburger and apples for dinner . (變爲一般疑問句) Does he ofen have humburger and apples for dinner?
13. My family always like thrillers . (對畫線部分提問)
your family always like ? What
14. Jane’s sister wants to see the comedy . (變爲一般疑問句)
Jane’s sister to see the comedy ? want
15. Maria and Jack come to this school on Monday .(對畫線部分提問)
Maria and Jack come to this school ? When do